Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Berkelanjutan
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Perubahan Sosial-Ekologis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46891/Kata Kunci:
Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut Berkelanjutan, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Sistem Sosial-Ekologis, Tata Kelola Lahan Gambut, Masyarakat LokalAbstrak
Lahan gambut di Indonesia merupakan ekosistem strategis yang vital untuk mitigasi perubahan iklim dan konservasi keanekaragaman hayati, namun terus mengalami degradasi akibat konversi lahan, drainase, dan kebakaran. Meskipun kebijakan restorasi telah ada, kebijakan tersebut sering kali tidak efektif jika masyarakat lokal tidak dilibatkan secara berarti. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa pengelolaan lahan gambut Indonesia yang berkelanjutan pada dasarnya bergantung pada pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal dalam kerangka tata kelola dan hukum yang lebih kuat dan inklusif. Analisis ini menghubungkan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan peningkatan tata kelola, pengakuan hukum, dan pencapaian Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDG 13 dan SDG 15). Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang mencakup tinjauan literatur kritis dan studi kasus dari Sumatera Selatan dan Kalimantan Tengah, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana partisipasi, pengetahuan lokal, dan hambatan struktural membentuk hasil di lahan gambut. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memiliki keahlian yang signifikan dalam pencegahan kebakaran, agroforestri, dan restorasi, tetapi dampak mereka dibatasi oleh kebijakan yang tidak konsisten, sumber daya yang terbatas, dan dukungan hukum yang tidak memadai untuk hak-hak mereka. Artikel ini berpendapat bahwa mengintegrasikan pemberdayaan masyarakat ke dalam kerangka kebijakan adaptif dan kolaboratif dapat memaksimalkan manfaat ekologis dan memperkuat ketahanan sosial dan ekonomi bagi masyarakat yang bergantung pada lahan gambut di Indonesia.
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